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Features

SurrealDB has been built from the ground up to be the ultimate database for developers who want to build tomorrow's applications. On this page you can find information regarding many of the features which are built into SurrealDB, alongside features and ideas which are planned for future releases of SurrealDB.

If you have an idea for SurrealDB, then we would love to hear from you.

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Architecture

Single-node (in-memory)

complete
SurrealDB can be configured to run in a single-node memory-only runtime, enabling multi-reader, single-writer querying and data analysis. This is suitable for testing and for data which fits inside the memory capacity of a single machine.

Web browser (IndexedDB)

complete
When wanting to use SurrealDB from within the browser, the WebAssembly library has support for connecting to a remote database over HTTP or WebSockets, or running with data persistence on top of IndexedDB in the browser.

Single-node (SurrealKV)

beta
Our own native storage engine, written in Rust supports multiple concurrent writers and readers. SurrealKV introduces versioned queries over time, enabling immutable data querying, data change auditing, historic aggregate query analysis, and versioned queries on the graph.

Distributed (SurrealKV)

in development
For highly-available setups, SurrealKV will support the ability to horizontally scale to multiple terabytes of data. As a distributed cluster SurrealKV will enable versioned queries over time, enabling immutable data querying, data change auditing, historic aggregate query analysis, and versioned queries on the graph.
Single-node (<a href='https://rocksdb.org/'>RocksDB</a>)

Single-node (RocksDB)

complete
When wanting persistent data storage on a single-node, on-disk storage can be used to enable larger data storage capabilities. RocksDB is optimised for high performance and fast storage on SSDs.
Distributed (<a href='https://tikv.org/'>TiKV</a>)

Distributed (TiKV)

complete
For highly-available and highly-scalable setups, SurrealDB can be run on top of a TiKV cluster, with the ability to horizontally scale to multiple terabytes of data.

Platform

Multi-tenancy data separation

complete
Split data into namespaces and databases. There is no limit to the number of databases under each namespace, with the ability to switch between databases inside queries and transactions.

Schemafull or schemaless

complete
Store unstructured nested data with any columns, or limit data stored to only specific columns or fields. Get started quickly without having to define every column, and move to schemafull when your data model is defined.

Multi-table, multi-row transactions

complete
As a fully ACID compliant database, SurrealDB allows you to run transactions across multiple-rows, and across multiple different tables. There is no limit to the length of time a transaction can run.

Versioned temporal tables

in development
Versioned temporal tables enable the option to 'go back in time' when querying your data. See how data looked before changes were made, or restore to a particular point-in-time.

Table fields

complete
When a table is defined as schemafull, only data allowed by defined fields will be stored. Table fields can be nested, and can be limited to a certain data type. VALUE clauses can be used to ensure a default value is always specified if no data is entered.

Table events

complete
Table events can be triggered after any change or modification to the data in a record. Each trigger is able to see the $before and $after value of the record, enabling advanced custom logic with each trigger.

Table indexes

complete
Table indexes improve data querying performance, and also allow for UNIQUE values in a table. Table indexes can be specified for a column, multiple columns, and have support for all nested fields including arrays and objects.
-- Specify a field on the user table DEFINE FIELD email ON TABLE user TYPE string ASSERT string::is::email($value); -- Add a unique index on the email field to prevent duplicate values DEFINE INDEX email ON TABLE user COLUMNS email UNIQUE; -- Create a new event whenever a user changes their email address DEFINE EVENT email ON TABLE user WHEN $before.email != $after.email THEN ( CREATE event SET user = $this, time = time::now(), value = $after.email, action = 'email_changed' );

Table constraints

complete
Each defined table field supports an ASSERT clause which acts as a constraint on the data. This clause enables advanced SurrealQL statements which can ensure that the $value entered is within certain parameters. Each clause is also able to see the $before and $after value of the record, enabling advanced custom logic with each trigger.
-- Specify a field on the user table DEFINE FIELD countrycode ON user TYPE string -- Ensure country code is ISO-3166 ASSERT $value = /[A-Z]{3}/ -- Set a default value if empty VALUE $value OR $before OR 'GBR' ;

Full text indexing and filtering

complete
The ability to define full-text indexes, with functionality to search through the full-text index on a table. Searches support field queries, configurable text analyzers, relevance matching, highlighting with offsets extraction.
-- Define a text analyzer DEFINE ANALYZER en TOKENIZERS camel,class FILTERS snowball(English); -- Define a search index for a field on the book table DEFINE INDEX search_title ON book COLUMNS title SEARCH ANALYZER en BM25 HIGHLIGHTS; -- Select all books who match given keywords SELECT search::score(1) AS score, search::highlight('<b>', '</b>', 1) AS title FROM book WHERE title @1@ 'rust web' ORDER BY score DESC;

Vector embedding indexing

complete
Indexing of vector embeddings, with support for euclidean distance metrics. Vector embeddings can be used for similarity matching, and for advanced data analysis.
-- Add vector embedding data to record content CREATE article:1 SET embedding = [1, 2, 3, 4]; CREATE article:2 SET embedding = [4, 5, 6, 7]; CREATE article:3 SET embedding = [8, 9, 10, 11]; -- Define a vector embedding index for a field on the article table DEFINE INDEX mt_obj ON vec FIELDS embedding MTREE DIMENSION 4 DIST EUCLIDEAN;

Aggregate analytics views

complete
Aggregate views let you pre-compute analytics queries as data is written to SurrealDB. Similarly to an index, a table view lets you select, aggregate, group, and order data, with support for moving averages, time-based windowing, and attribute-based counting. Pre-defined aggregate views are efficient and performant, with only a single record modification being made for every write.
-- Drop all writes to the reading table. We don't need every reading. DEFINE TABLE reading DROP; -- Define a table as a view which aggregates data from the reading table DEFINE TABLE temperatures_by_month AS SELECT count() AS total, time::month(recorded_at) AS month, math::mean(temperature) AS average_temp FROM reading GROUP BY city ; -- Add a new temperature reading with some basic attributes CREATE reading SET temperature = 27.4, recorded_at = time::now(), city = 'London', location = (-0.118092, 51.509865) ;

Live queries and record changes

complete
Live SQL queries allow for advanced filtering of the changes to specific documents, documents which match a particular filter, or all documents in a specific table. Live SQL queries can send the fully-updated document, or only the document changesets, by using the efficient DIFF-MATCH-PATCH algorithm for highly-performant web-based data syncing.
-- Subscribe to all matching document changes LIVE SELECT * FROM document WHERE account = $auth.account OR public = true ; -- Subscribe to all changes to a single record LIVE SELECT * FROM post:c569rth77ad48tc6s3ig; -- Stop receiving change notifications KILL "1986cc4e-340a-467d-9290-de81583267a2";

Global parameters

complete
Global parameters can be used to store values across the database, which are then accessible to all queries.
-- Define a global parameter which will be accessible to all queries. DEFINE PARAM $STRIPE VALUE "https://api.stripe.com/payments/new"; -- Use the defined global parameter in all queries on the database. DEFINE EVENT payment ON TABLE order WHEN $event = 'CREATE' THEN http::post($STRIPE, $value);

Data model

Basic types

complete
Support for booleans, strings, and numerics is built in by default. Numeric values default to decimal based numbers, but can be stored as int or float values for 64 bit integer or 64 bit floating point precision.

Empty values

complete
Values can be NONE, or NULL. A field which is NONE does not have any data stored, while NULL values are values which are entered but empty.

Arrays

complete
SurrealDB has native support for arrays, with no limit to the depth of nesting within arrays. Arrays can contain any other data value.

Objects

complete
Embedded object types are an integral feature of SurrealDB, with no limit to the depth of nesting for objects.

Durations

complete
Any duration from nanoseconds to weeks can be stored and used for calculations. Durations can be added to datetimes, and to other durations.

Datetimes

complete
Support for dates and datetimes in ISO-8601 format are supported. All dates are converted and stored in the UTC timezone.

Geometries

complete
SurrealDB makes working with GeoJSON easy, with support for Point, Line, Polygon, MultiPoint, MultiLine, MultiPolygon, and Collection values. SurrealQL automatically detects GeoJSON objects converting them into a single data type.
UPDATE city:london SET centre = (-0.118092, 51.509865), boundary = { type: "Polygon", coordinates: [[ [-0.38314819, 51.37692386], [0.1785278, 51.37692386], [0.1785278, 51.61460570], [-0.38314819, 51.61460570], [-0.38314819, 51.37692386] ]] } ;

Futures

complete
Values which should be computed only when outputting data, can be stored as futures. These values are stored in SurrealDB as SurrealQL code, and are calculated only when output as part of a SELECT clause.
UPDATE product SET name = "SurrealDB", launch_at = <datetime> "2021-11-01", countdown = <future> { launch_at - time::now() } ;

Casting

complete
In SurrealDB, all data values are strongly typed. Values can be cast and converted to other types using specific casting operators. These include bool, int, float, string, number, decimal, datetime, and duration casts.
UPDATE person SET waist = <int> "34", height = <float> 201, score = <decimal> 0.3 + 0.3 + 0.3 + 0.1 ;

Strict typing

complete
With a strict typing system, SurrealQL ensures that document structures are easier to understand, and any data conforms to the defined record schema. Advanced types for arrays and record links, ensure that related data works in the same way as basic types.
// Ensure that a record field must be a number. DEFINE FIELD age ON person TYPE number; // Allow the field to be optional or a number. DEFINE FIELD age ON person TYPE option<number>; // Ensure that a record link is specified and of a specific type. DEFINE FIELD author ON book TYPE record<person>; // Allow a field to be optional and of a selection of types. DEFINE FIELD pet ON user TYPE option<record<cat | dog>>; // Allow a field to be one of multiple types. DEFINE FIELD rating ON film TYPE float | decimal; // Ensure that a field is an a array of unique values of a certain length. DEFINE FIELD tags ON person TYPE set<string, 5>;

SurrealQL

SELECT, CREATE, UPDATE, DELETE statements

complete
Manipulation and querying of data in SurrealQL is done using the SELECT, CREATE, UPDATE, and DELETE methods. These enable selecting or modifying individual records, or whole tables. Each statement supports multiple different tables or record types at once.
-- Create a new article record with a specific id CREATE article:surreal SET name = "SurrealDB: The next generation database"; -- Update the article record, and add a new field UPDATE article:surreal SET time.created = time::now(); -- Select all matching articles SELECT * FROM article, post WHERE name CONTAINS 'SurrealDB'; -- Delete the article DELETE article:surreal;

RELATE statements

complete
The RELATE statement adds graph edges between records in SurrealDB. It follows the convention of vertex -> edge -> vertex or noun -> verb -> noun, enabling the addition of metadata to the edge record.
-- Add a graph edge between user:tobie and article:surreal RELATE user:tobie->write->article:surreal SET time.written = time::now() ; -- Add a graph edge between specific users and developers LET $from = (SELECT users FROM company:surrealdb); LET $devs = (SELECT * FROM user WHERE tags CONTAINS 'developer'); RELATE $from->like->$devs UNIQUE SET time.connected = time::now() ;

INSERT statements

complete
The INSERT statement resembles the traditional SQL statement, enabling users to get started quickly. It supports the creation of records using a VALUES clause, or by specifying the record data as an object.
INSERT INTO company { name: 'SurrealDB', founded: "2021-09-10", founders: [person:tobie, person:jaime], tags: ['big data', 'database'] }; INSERT IGNORE INTO company (name, founded) VALUES ('SurrealDB', '2021-09-10') ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE tags += 'developer tools' ;

FOR statements

complete
FOR statements enable simplified iteration over data, or for advanced logic when dealing with nested arrays or recursive functions, within code blocks or custom functions.
FOR $person IN (SELECT VALUE id FROM person) { CREATE gift CONTENT { recipient: $person, type: "ticket", date: time::now(), event: "SurrealDB World", }; };

THROW statements

complete
The THROW statement statement can be used to return custom error types, which allow for building advanced programming and business logic right within the database and authentication engine.
FOR $user IN $input { IF $user.age < 18 { THROW "Only adults should be inserted"; } IF $user.country != 'USA' { THROW $user.country + " is not a valid country"; } };

Parameters

complete
Parameters can be used to store values or result sets, and can be used as stored parameters in client code.

Subqueries

complete
Recursive subqueries are useful for advanced querying or modification of values, whilst simplifying the overall query.

Nested field queries

complete
In SurrealQL any nested array or object value can be accessed and manipulated using traditional dot notation ., or array notation [].

Maths operators

complete
Maths operators can be used to perform complex mathematical calculations directly in SurrealQL.

Geo operators

complete
Geospatial operators enable geospatial containment and intersection operators on geospatial types.

Set operators

complete
Advanced set operators can be used to detect whether one or multiple values are included within an array. Fuzzy matching and regex matching can also be used for advanced filtering.
-- Use mathematical operators to calculate value SELECT * FROM temperature WHERE (celsius * 1.8) + 32 > 86.0; -- Use geospatial operator to detect polygon containment SELECT * FROM restaurant WHERE location INSIDE { type: "Polygon", coordinates: [[ [-0.38314819, 51.37692386], [0.1785278, 51.37692386], [0.1785278, 51.61460570], [-0.38314819, 51.61460570], [-0.38314819, 51.37692386] ]] }; -- Select all people whose tags contain "tag1" OR "tag2" SELECT * FROM person WHERE tags CONTAINSANY ["tag1", "tag2"]; -- Select all people who have any email address ending in 'gmail.com' SELECT * FROM person WHERE emails.*.value ?= /gmail.com$/;

Maths constants

complete
SurrealQL has a number of built-in constants for advanced mathematical expressions and calculations, including math::E, math::FRAC_1_PI, math::FRAC_1_SQRT_2, math::FRAC_2_PI, math::FRAC_2_SQRT_PI, math::FRAC_PI_2, math::FRAC_PI_3, math::FRAC_PI_4, math::FRAC_PI_6, math::FRAC_PI_8, math::LN_10, math::LN_2, math::LOG10_2, math::LOG10_E, math::LOG2_10, math::LOG2_E, math::PI, math::SQRT_2, and math::TAU.

Expressions

complete
SurrealQL supports fetching data using dot notation ., array notation [], and graph semantics ->. SurrealQL enables records to link to other records and traverses all embedded links or graph connections as desired. When traversing and fetching remote records SurrealQL enables advanced filtering using traditional WHERE clauses.
-- Select a nested array, and filter based on an attribute SELECT emails[WHERE active = true] FROM person; -- Select all 1st, 2nd, and 3rd level people who this specific person record knows, or likes, as separate outputs SELECT ->knows->(? AS f1)->knows->(? AS f2)->(knows, likes WHERE influencer = true AS e3)->(? AS f3) FROM person:tobie; -- Select all person records (and their recipients), who have sent more than 5 emails SELECT *, ->sent->email->to->person FROM person WHERE count(->sent->email) > 5; -- Select other products purchased by people who purchased this laptop SELECT <-purchased<-person->purchased->product FROM product:laptop; -- Select products purchased by people in the last 3 weeks who have purchased the same products that we purchased SELECT ->purchased->product<-purchased<-person->(purchased WHERE created_at > time::now() - 3w)->product FROM person:tobie;

Complex Record IDs

complete
SurrealDB supports the ability to define record IDs using arrays and objects. These values sort correctly, and can be used to store values or recordings in a timeseries context.
// Set a new parameter LET $now = time::now(); // Create a record with a complex ID using an array CREATE temperature:['London', $now] SET location = 'London', date = $now, temperature = 23.7 ; // Create a record with a complex ID using an object CREATE temperature:{ location: 'London', date: $now } SET location = 'London', date = $now, temperature = 23.7 ;

Record ID ranges

complete
SurrealDB supports the ability to query a range of records, using the record ID. The record ID ranges, retrieve records using the natural sorting order of the record IDs. These range queries can be used to query a range of records in a timeseries context.
-- Select all person records with IDs between the given range SELECT * FROM person:1..1000; -- Select all records for a particular location, inclusive SELECT * FROM temperature:['London', NONE]..=['London', time::now()]; -- Select all temperature records with IDs less than a maximum value SELECT * FROM temperature:..['London', '2022-08-29T08:09:31']; -- Select all temperature records with IDs greater than a minimum value SELECT * FROM temperature:['London', '2022-08-29T08:03:39']..; -- Select all temperature records with IDs between the specified range SELECT * FROM temperature:['London', '2022-08-29T08:03:39']..['London', '2022-08-29T08:09:31'];

SurrealML

Custom machine learning models

complete
Use SurrealML to train custom machine learning models in Python, using PyTorch, Tensorflow, or Sklearn. The models are stored in a custom .surmldata-format, enabling the model to be run consistently and safely in Python, Rust, or SurrealDB. Models can then be imorted into SurrealDB, allowing for Inference directly against any data in the database.
from surrealml import SurMlFile # Specify the trained model, model name, and model inputs file = SurMlFile(model=model, name="house::price::prediction", inputs=test_inputs) # Add a description for this model that can be viewed in teh database file.add_description("This model predicts the price of a house based on its square footage and number of floors.") # Add a version identifier which enables specific model versions to be run separately file.add_version("0.3.0") # Optionally define named input fields and data normalisation functions file.add_column("squarefoot") file.add_column("num_floors") file.add_normaliser("squarefoot", "z_score", squarefoot_mean, squarefoot_std) file.add_normaliser("num_floors", "z_score", num_floors_mean, num_floors_std) # Optionally specify named output fields with normalisation functions file.add_output("house_price", "z_score", house_price_mean, house_price_std) # Save the .surml file, ready to execute or import into the database file.save("./my_model.surml")
PyTorch

PyTorch

available
PyTorch models are supported natively with SurrealML when running in Python, or within SurrealDB.
Tensorflow

Tensorflow

available
Tensorflow models are supported natively with SurrealML when running in Python, or within SurrealDB.
Sklearn

Sklearn

available
Sklearn models are supported natively with SurrealML when running in Python, or within SurrealDB.

Import models into SurrealDB

complete
SurrealDB allows developers the choice of storing SurrealML models on local storage, or remote storage including Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage, or Azure Storage.

Export models from SurrealDB

complete
SurrealDB allows developers to store multiple versions of each SurrealML model, and to export each model from the database as a binary file.

Model inference in Python

complete
Inference on .surml model files in Python allows for consistent and reproducible modeel computation in development, continuous integration, testing, or production environments.
from surrealml import SurMlFile # Load the model file from disk model = SurMlFile.load("./my_model.surml") # Perform raw vector compute against the model output = model.raw_compute([1.0, 2.0], [1, 2]) # Perform named buffered compute against the model output = model.buffered_compute({ "squarefoot": 3200.0, "num_floors": 2.0 })

Model inference in SurrealDB

complete
Model inference within SurrealDB is powered by a Rust-native runtime, backed by ONNX, with support for PyTorch, Tensorflow, and Sklearn models. This secure, and performant runtime allows for CPU and GPU model inference right alongside the data within the database. Field are automatically mapped to the right position for the model input tensors, and normalisations, if specified, are automatically applied to any input values, reducing errors of implementation of the models when deployed.
-- Perform raw computation against the imported model RETURN ml::house::price::prediction<0.3.0>( [1.0, 2.0], [1, 2] ); -- Perform named buffered computation against the imported model SELECT *, ml::house::price::prediction<0.3.0>({ squarefoot: squarefoot_col, num_floors: num_floors_col }) AS price_prediction FROM property_listing WHERE price_prediction > 177206.21875 ;

Functions

Array functions

complete
Functions for manipulation, joining, and diffing of arrays are built into SurrealDB as standard.

Http functions

complete
HTTP functions can be used for remote trigger events and webhook functionality.

Math functions

complete
Math functions can be used for complex statistical analysis of numbers and sets of numbers.

Parsing functions

complete
Parsing functions can be used for parsing and extracting individual parts or urls, emails, and domains.

Rand functions

complete
Random generation functions can be used to generate random values, numbers, strings, UUIDs, and datetimes.

Search functions

complete
Functions related to the full-text search capabilities, such as calculating relevance scores or highlighting content.

String functions

complete
Functions for string manipulation enable modification and processing of strings.

Type functions

complete
Type checking functions can be used to check the type of a value, which is useful in custom function definitions.

Vector functions

complete
A collection of essential vector operations that provide foundational functionality for numerical computation, machine learning, and data analysis.

Geo functions

complete
Geospatial functions can be used for converting between geohash values, and for calculating the distance, bearing, and area of GeoJSON data types.
SELECT * FROM geo::hash::encode( (-0.118092, 51.509865) );

Time functions

complete
Time functions can be used to manipulate dates and times - with support for rounding, and extracting specific parts of datetimes.
SELECT time::floor(created_at, 1w) FROM user;

Count functions

complete
SurrealDB supports general count functionality for counting total values, or for aggregate grouping. It's also possible to count only those expressions which result in a truthy value.
SELECT count(age > 18) FROM user GROUP ALL;

Validation functions

complete
Validation functions can be used to determine that field values match a certain pattern including hexadecimal, alphanumeric, ascii, numeric, or email addresses.
SELECT email, string::is::email(email) AS valid FROM user;

Embedded JavaScript functions

complete
JavaScript functions can be used for more complex functions and triggers. Each JavaScript function iteration runs with its own context isolation - with the current record data passed in as the execution context or this value.
CREATE film SET ratings = [ { rating: 6, user: user:bt8e39uh1ouhfm8ko8s0 }, { rating: 8, user: user:bsilfhu88j04rgs0ga70 }, ], featured = function() { return this.ratings.filter(r => { return r.rating >= 7; }).map(r => { return { ...r, rating: r.rating * 10 }; }); } ;

Custom functions

complete
Custom functions allow for complicated or repeated user-defined code, to be run seamlessly within any query across the database. Custom functions support typed arguments, and multiple nested queries with custom logic.
-- Define a global function which can be used in any query DEFINE FUNCTION fn::get::person($first: string, $last: string, $birthday: string) { LET $person = SELECT * FROM person WHERE [first, last, birthday] = [$first, $last, $birthday]; RETURN IF $person[0].id THEN $person[0] ELSE CREATE person SET first = $first, last = $last, birthday = $birthday END; }; -- Call the global custom function, receiving the returned result LET $person = fn::get::person('Tobie', 'Morgan Hitchcock', '2022-09-21');

Permissions

Root access

complete
Root access enables full data access for all data in SurrealDB. Root access can be limited to specific IPv4 or IPv6 IP addresses.

Namespace access

complete
Namespace access enables full data access for all databases under a specific namespace. This access level is controlled using custom defined usernames and passwords.

Database access

complete
Database access enables full data access to a specific database under a specific namespace. This access level is controlled using custom defined usernames and passwords.

Scope access

complete
Scope access is the powerful functionality which enables SurrealDB to operate as a web database. Flexible authentication and access rules enable fine-grained access to tables and fields with the highest security, whilst ensuring that performance is affected as little as possible.

3rd party authentication

complete
If authentication with a 3rd party OAuth provider is desired, specific tokens can be used for authentication with SurrealDB. ES256, ES384, ES512, HS256, HS384, HS512, PS256, PS384, PS512, RS256, RS384, and RS512 algorithms are supported.
-- Enable scope authentication directly in SurrealDB DEFINE SCOPE account SESSION 24h SIGNUP ( CREATE user SET email = $email, pass = crypto::argon2::generate($pass) ) SIGNIN ( SELECT * FROM user WHERE email = $email AND crypto::argon2::compare(pass, $pass) ) ;
// Signin and retrieve a JSON Web Token let jwt = fetch('https://api.surrealdb.com/signup', { method: 'POST', headers: { Accept: 'application/json', NS: 'google', // Specify the namespace DB: 'gmail', // Specify the database }, body: JSON.stringify({ NS: 'google', DB: 'gmail', SC: 'account', email: 'tobie@surrealdb.com', pass: 'a85b19*1@jnta0$b&!', }), });

Table permissions

complete
Fine-grained table permissions can be used to prevent users from accessing data which they shouldn't see. Independent permissions for selecting, creating, updating, and deleting data are supported, ensuring fine-grained control over all data in SurrealDB.
-- Specify access permissions for the 'post' table DEFINE TABLE post SCHEMALESS PERMISSIONS FOR select -- Published posts can be selected WHERE published = true -- A user can select all their own posts OR user = $auth.id FOR create, update -- A user can create or update their own posts WHERE user = $auth.id FOR delete -- A user can delete their own posts WHERE user = $auth.id -- Or an admin can delete any posts OR $auth.admin = true ;

Connectivity

REST API

complete
All tables and data can be queried using a traditional Key-Value REST API. In addition, SurrealQL statements can be submitted to the REST API for custom query logic.
## Execute a SurrealQL query localhost % curl -X POST https://api.surrealdb.com/sql ## Interact with a table localhost % curl -X GET https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user localhost % curl -X POST https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user localhost % curl -X DELETE https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user ## Interact with a record localhost % curl -X GET https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user/tobie localhost % curl -X PUT https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user/tobie localhost % curl -X POST https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user/tobie localhost % curl -X PATCH https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user/tobie localhost % curl -X DELETE https://api.surrealdb.com/key/user/tobie

SurrealQL over HTTP/WS

complete
SurrealQL querying and data modification is supported over WebSockets for bi-directional communication, and real-time updates.

CBOR RPC over HTTP/WS

complete
Querying and data modification is available using JSON-RPC over WebSockets, enabling easier implementation of 3rd party libraries.

JSON RPC over HTTP/WS

complete
SurrealQL querying and data modification is supported over WebSockets for bi-directional communication, and real-time updates.

Binary RPC over HTTP/WS

complete
Querying and data modification is available using JSON-RPC over WebSockets, enabling easier implementation of 3rd party libraries.

GraphQL schema generation

experimental
Support for automatic generation of GraphQL schema, from database tables, fields, types, and custom functions.

GraphQL querying

experimental
Support for querying all data using GraphQL, with embedded and remote record fetching.

GraphQL mutations

planned 2.x
Support for modifying and updating any data using GraphQL, depending on permissions.

GraphQL subscriptions

planned 2.x
Support for subscribing to real-time data modification events, depending on permissions.

Tooling

Command-line tool

complete
The command-line tool can be used to export data as SurrealQL, import data as SurrealQL, and start a SurrealDB instance or cluster.
user@localhost % surreal .d8888b. 888 8888888b. 888888b. d88P Y88b 888 888 'Y88b 888 '88b Y88b. 888 888 888 888 .88P 'Y888b. 888 888 888d888 888d888 .d88b. 8888b. 888 888 888 8888888K. 'Y88b. 888 888 888P' 888P' d8P Y8b '88b 888 888 888 888 'Y88b '888 888 888 888 888 88888888 .d888888 888 888 888 888 888 Y88b d88P Y88b 888 888 888 Y8b. 888 888 888 888 .d88P 888 d88P 'Y8888P' 'Y88888 888 888 'Y8888 'Y888888 888 8888888P' 8888888P' To get started using SurrealDB, and for guides on connecting to and building applications on top of SurrealDB, check out the SurrealDB documentation (/docs/). If you have questions or ideas, join the SurrealDB community (/community). If you find a bug, submit an issue on GitHub (https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb/issues). We would love it if you could star the repository (https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb). ---------- Usage: surreal <COMMAND> Commands: start Start the database server backup Backup data to or from an existing database import Import a SurrealQL script into an existing database export Export an existing database as a SurrealQL script version Output the command-line tool and remote server version information upgrade Upgrade to the latest stable version sql Start an SQL REPL in your terminal with pipe support is-ready Check if the SurrealDB server is ready to accept connections [aliases: isready] validate Validate SurrealQL query files help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) Options: -h, --help Print help

SQL export

complete
Export all data as SurrealQL from a SurrealDB database for backup purposes. This includes authentication scopes, tables, fields, events, indexes, and data.

SQL import

complete
Import SurrealQL into a SurrealDB database in order to restore from a backup. This includes authentication scopes, tables, fields, events, indexes, and data.

Incremental backups

future
Export all data from SurrealDB as raw binary data. This will also support incremental binary backups for efficient backing up of SurrealDB clusters.

Docker container

complete
In addition to binary releases, SurrealDB is packaged as a Docker container for easy setup and configuration. All configuration is done with the command-line options. The Docker container can be used to start a SurrealDB instance or cluster, or to import and export data.
docker run --rm --pull always -p 8000:8000 surrealdb/surrealdb:latest start

IDE language support

complete
Official SurrealQL language highlighting packages for Visual Studio Code using TextMate grammar definitions.

Language Server Protocol

future
Support for the Language Server Protocol will help with code and query completion, and error highlighting for SurrealQL.

User Interface

complete
An easy-to-use interface with support for table-based views, SurrealQL querying, embedded object editing, and graph visualisation. The interface will be embedded within every SurrealDB executable.
Surrealist User Interface
Surrealist Logo

Web app

complete
The interface is available as a web app.
Surrealist Logo

macOS

complete
The interface is available as a desktop application for macOS powered by Tauri.
Surrealist Logo

Windows

complete
The interface is available as a desktop application for Windows powered by Tauri.
Surrealist Logo

Linux

complete
The interface is available as a desktop application for Linux powered by Tauri.

SDKs

Server-side SDKs

<a href='/docs/sdk/rust'>Rust</a>

Rust

available
A native async-friendly SDK for Rust with bi-directional, binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>JavaScript</a>

JavaScript

available
A native SDK for JavaScript with bi-directional, binary communication over WebSockets or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>TypeScript</a>

TypeScript

available
Full support for TypeScript definitions from within the JavaScript SDK, for working with strongly-typed data with embedded and remote databases.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript/engines/node'>Node.js</a>

Node.js

available
A native Node.js plugin for use with the JavaScript SDK, enabling support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory or on-disk using SurrealKV.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Deno</a>

Deno

coming soon
A native Deno plugin for use with the JavaScript SDK, enabling support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory or on-disk using SurrealKV.
<a href='/docs/sdk/python'>Python</a>

Python

available
An SDK for sync or async Python runtimes, with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/java'>Java</a>

Java

available
An SDK for Java with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/golang'>Golang</a>

Golang

available
An SDK for Golang with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/dotnet'>.NET</a>

.NET

available
A native SDK for .NET with bi-directional communication over WebSockets or HTTP.
<a href='/docs/sdk/php'>PHP</a>

PHP

available
A native SDK for PHP with bi-directional, binary communication over WebSockets or HTTP.
<a href='https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb.c'>C</a>

C

coming soon
An SDK for C with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
Dart

Dart

future
An SDK for Dart with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
Swift

Swift

future
An SDK for Swift with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP.
Ruby

Ruby

future
An SDK for Ruby with binary communication over WebSocket or HTTP.
Erlang

Erlang

future
An SDK for Erlang with bi-directional communication over WebSockets.

Client-side SDKs

<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>JavaScript</a>

JavaScript

available
A native SDK for JavaScript with bi-directional, binary communication over WebSockets or HTTP, and support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory and on-disk.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>TypeScript</a>

TypeScript

available
Full support for TypeScript definitions from within the JavaScript SDK, for working with strongly-typed data with embedded and remote databases.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript/engines/wasm'>WebAssembly</a>

WebAssembly

available
A WebAssembly plugin for use with the JavaScript SDK in the browser, enabling support for SurrealDB embedded in-memory or persisted in IndexedDB.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Ember.js</a>

Ember.js

coming soon
A real-time, live-updating SDK for Ember.js, with authentication, model definition, embedded types, caching, and remote fetching.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>React.js</a>

React.js

available
Support for React.js using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Next.js</a>

Next.js

available
Support for Next.js using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Vue.js</a>

Vue.js

available
Support for Vue.js using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Angular</a>

Angular

available
Support for Angular using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Solid.js</a>

Solid.js

available
Support for Solid.js using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
<a href='/docs/sdk/javascript'>Svelte</a>

Svelte

available
Support for Svelte using the native JavaScript SDK, within TanStack Query, with support for data caching and syncing, and authentication.
Flutter

Flutter

future
An SDK for Flutter with bi-directional communication over WebSockets.